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Agriculture In Russia

Дата публикации: 04 сентября 2007
Публикатор: Научная библиотека Порталус
Рубрика: RUSSIA (TOPICS) ECONOMY →
Источник: (c) http://russia.by
Номер публикации: №1188910981


In 2003, Russia had 124.4 million hectares (307.4 million acres) of arable land (8.5% of the world's total), covering 7.6% of the country's land area. In 2003, the share of agriculture in the GDP was 5%. Agricultural production dropped by an average of 6% annually during 1990-2000. However, during 2002-04, crop production was 13.1% higher than during 1999-2001. A surge in imports of food products during that period is the direct result of difficulties faced by domestic farmers and processors, and has brought with it a desire for protection from foreign competition in the name of national security. In 2004, Russia's agricultural trade deficit was over $10.1 billion, fifth highest in the world.

The 2004 harvest included (in millions of tons): wheat, 45.4; potatoes, 35.9; sugar beets, 21.8; barley, 17.2; vegetables, 15.5; oats, 5; sunflower seeds, 4.8; corn, 3.5; rye, 2.9; buckwheat, 0.6; soybeans, 0.6; and rice, 0.5. The government is promoting the expansion of small-plot farming; about 150,000 new farms have begun operating since 1991, primarily in the south.

Agricultural policy has changed several times since market reforms began. Low interest loans were initially offered to the old state farms, but the government's budget soon could not afford all the demands made by farmers. The low interest loans were replaced by in-kind loans to suppliers, which were then modified to in-kind loans from the federal government to local governments. The general agricultural policy trend is now an ongoing devolution of power from the federal government to local governments.

Опубликовано на Порталусе 04 сентября 2007 года

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