Рейтинг
Порталус

Fishing In Russia

Дата публикации: 04 сентября 2007
Публикатор: Научная библиотека Порталус
Рубрика: RUSSIA (TOPICS) ECONOMY →
Источник: (c) http://russia.by
Номер публикации: №1188911124


Russia's fish production ranks eighth in the world, following China, Peru, USA, Indonesia, Japan, India, and Chile. In 2003, 91% of the catch was marine, while 9% came from inland waters. The total catch in 2003 was 3,429,121 tons. The main species of the commercial catch in 2003 included (in thousands of tons): whiting, 360; herring, 335; cod, 277; and salmon, 188. Russia is a leading producer of crabmeat, fish roe, whole groundfish, and salmon products. More than half of Russian fish product exports consist of frozen products. Exports of frozen fish fillets in 2003 were valued at $141.9 million; and roe, $145.6 million.

Russia is known for its sturgeon and caviar. About 70% of the world's sturgeon stocks are in the Caspian Sea. Illegal trade of sturgeon and caviar have resulted in all 11 of Russia's commercial sturgeon species to be in decline. The Russian share of the world caviar market is estimated at 23-30%.

Overfishing and pollution of territorial waters have forced fishermen farther away from traditional fishing waters. For example, pollutants like mercury have partly caused the decline of the sturgeon and pike perch catches, which fell by 50% and 90%, respectively, from 1974 to 1987 in the Caspian Sea. Similar ecological problems also have affected fishing in the Azov Sea. Russia's enormous fishing fleet has many old vessels, and fuel shortages are common. Since 1991, more than 70 vessels have been leased from Spanish, Norwegian, and German shipbuilding yards. In 2003 alone, 36 Russian fishing vessels of 100 gross tons or more were added to the fishing fleet. Russian fishing vessels account for about 24% of the world's fishing fleet capacity.

Despite problems with pollution, the Russian catch expanded during the 1980s (the marine catch by 24%, the freshwater catch by 26%) due to intensified fishing in dam reservoirs, consumption substitution toward nontraditional fish stocks, and acceptance of higher levels of contaminants. Since 1990, the production of fish and fish products has declined without interruption. Direct subsidies from the federal government ceased in 1994. As a result, the proportion of unprocessed fish products has steadily risen since 1990. Badly worn ships and equipment continue to limit production. Russia is eligible to catch up to five million tons of fish outside its territorial waters, but typically only reaches one million tons.

Опубликовано на Порталусе 04 сентября 2007 года

Новинки на Порталусе:

Сегодня в трендах top-5


Ваше мнение?



Искали что-то другое? Поиск по Порталусу:


О Порталусе Рейтинг Каталог Авторам Реклама